Original title is "Emergency mask for hospital ventilators". The title on the post is misleading.
A ventilator is a machine with electronics, moving parts, and sensors that pushes air into people's lungs and pulls it back out. This is an improvised replacement for one of the less- or non-reusable accessories in short supply, the mask that goes on the patient.
Technically it is a "ventilation-assisted mask" but according to the sketches, it does plug directly into the hospital's oxygen system. Scroll down to the bottom to see sketches.
What you refer to as the "hospital's oxygen system" is the oxygen output port on a ventilator. See also this note in the text:
"The prototype as a whole has been tested on one of our colleagues directly inside the Chiari Hospital, connected to the ventilator body, and has proven to be correctly working."
A ventilator is a machine with electronics, moving parts, and sensors that pushes air into people's lungs and pulls it back out. This is an improvised replacement for one of the less- or non-reusable accessories in short supply, the mask that goes on the patient.