Counter strike has a similar system, based on a hidden score called trust factor. Matchmaking system does some optimization and tries to pair similarly skilled people with similar trust factors.
They also have a neural network setup that constantly scans match logs for cheaters. If I remember correctly it is responsible for > 50% of all cheater reports (the rest comes from players). Final conviction comes from a crowd sources system called Overwatch, where experienced players rewatch anonymous demos and convict cheaters. Conviction itself may require even 40 or more individual player convictions, and is Bayes-based.
While VACNet is amazing, and completely eliminated pretty much all "exploits" that cheaters could come up with to dodge the Overwatch system, Trust Factor on the other hand has been a bit of a mess. The assigned trust values seem really random in my experience (you can't see the exact values, but if you queue with someone who has a slightly or significantly lower Trust Factor than you do, you'll get a message), tend to fluctuate wildly from one week to the next or even just between single games for some people, and there are so many players complaining about it that they had to auto filter every thread that even just contains the words Trust Factor on the CS:GO subreddit.
I HATE trust factor. It's TERRIBLE for me, personally. I don't cheat but get reported a lot and my trust factor is very low. I end up playing with/against cheaters constantly.
It also doesn't seem to have any affect on casual game modes, which is really irritating.
They also have a neural network setup that constantly scans match logs for cheaters. If I remember correctly it is responsible for > 50% of all cheater reports (the rest comes from players). Final conviction comes from a crowd sources system called Overwatch, where experienced players rewatch anonymous demos and convict cheaters. Conviction itself may require even 40 or more individual player convictions, and is Bayes-based.