AF 447 wasn’t all that different from this situation. One of the co-pilots was trying to pitch the nose down to recover from the stall. The other was panicking and trying to pitch up. The plane averaged their inputs, without giving feedback via the stick that this was happening. It wasn’t until very late in the flight that they figured out what was happening, and then it was too late to recover.
Obviously there was some significant pilot error in this case, but a big contributor mag have been that the pilot who was trying to correct the stall didn’t understand that the plane was ignoring his input because of the averaging.
In April 2012 in The Daily Telegraph, British journalist Nick Ross published a comparison of Airbus and Boeing flight controls; unlike the control yoke used on Boeing flight decks, the Airbus side stick controls give little visual feedback and no sensory or tactile feedback to the second pilot.
Ross reasoned that this might in part explain why the pilot flying's fatal nose-up inputs were not countermanded by his two colleagues.
In a July 2012 CBS report, Sullenberger suggested the design of the Airbus cockpit might have been a factor in the accident. The flight controls are not mechanically linked between the two pilot seats, and Robert, the left-seat pilot who believed he had taken over control of the aircraft, was not aware that Bonin continued to hold the stick back, which overrode Robert's own control.
That suggest there was only ever one pilot flying and the way that pilot reacted to the situation had a big part to play in the final crash.
> That suggest there was only ever one pilot flying
"Pilot flying" is a human-factors title, not a software function-lock. It just indicates who has control responsibility at that moment but it is not enforced by technical means.
It is intended to eliminate ambiguity in crew functions; the PF can be a newbie copilot even if the commander of the aircraft is a 30-year-service Captain who would become the PNF at that point. Its all part of Crew Resource Management theory.
There should only be one PF in a cockpit at any one time, precisely to avoid the situation that arose with the Air France flight where the computer was receiving inputs from two pilots.
I was responding to the claim the flight control was averaging the two pilot inputs, because if that was the case then two pilots would have been flying the plane.
Might point was I doubt that this was in fact happening and there was only ever one pilot in charge.
> the Air France flight where the computer was receiving inputs from two pilots.
The link and quotes I posted suggest that was not happening.
The system was just ignoring the other pilot (and that was the designed fault) because it also failed to tell that other pilot he was being ignored.
Thanks for the link. It is a very interesting read.
In particular it also says this:
To avoid both signals being added by the system, a priority P/B is provided on each stick. By pressing this button, a pilot may cancel the inputs of the other pilot.
Yes, indeed, I have not found any reliable source for the claim that both pilots were making significant stick inputs simultaneously for any extended period of time.
You may be right about the averaging. From rereading the accident report, the Pilot Flying took back control of the plane after the Pilot Not Flying engaged his controls and tried to pitch down.
But, it’s the same basic idea. The PNF thought he’d gotten control of the plane, and didn’t understand why his input wasn’t having an effect. He didn’t get feedback from the stick telling him a different input was being honored. And neither pilot appears to have been fully aware that they were in a flight control mode where there was a risk of stalling. The PF especially never seemed to have made that connection, and the PNF took a fairly long time to call it out. As a result, the PF may not have been aware that he needed to actively keep the angle of attack inside the flight envelope.
So, PNF tries to pitch down, but isn’t aware the plane got put back into a mode where he isn’t in control. PF is pitching up, but isn’t aware the plane switched to a mode where this could lead to a stall. That’s the similarity I was getting at.
From the reported control traces, there was no prolonged period of dual input. There were 3 or so brief moments of dual control input (1 - 2 seconds), during which a warning was sounded. The pilots never spoke out loud about it, but we can infer that they heard the dual input warning and were aware when it happened because the sequence of events was the same each time; inputs from both joysticks received -> aural dual input warning -> input from one joystick stops.
Something about the idea of two pilots inadvertently fighting each other for control of the aircraft has definitely caught peoples’ imagination. But it didn’t happen.
Obviously there was some significant pilot error in this case, but a big contributor mag have been that the pilot who was trying to correct the stall didn’t understand that the plane was ignoring his input because of the averaging.