A lot of folks are failing to read the article. They're intentionally holding each connection open for 1 whole second. This is a whole different ballgame than benchmarks where each connection is allowed to terminate as rapidly as it can send back a plain text response.
Good point. At first glance, holding the connection open for one second seemed a bit meaningless if they're touting connections/sec.
But since they are benchmarking Elixir, there is some amount of overhead involved in that framework's management of connections and requests. If I knew Erlang/Elixir, that would be a fascinating thing to explore.
Edit: I'm assuming the saturated CPU comes from Elixir and not the OS. It would be strange for 100k/sec to saturate the TCP stack with 36 cores.