Ubuntu was working on this, and to be honest, I would very much prefer Ubuntu over Android in order to work or do development.

But it never was profitable enough and it died. Nowadays there are some Android and Windows phones with that ability, and I think they are not very successful as well.

In fact, you claim you want this, but if the technology were successful, you would already have one of these phones and one or more docking stations.

The whole idea could die in a few years.