I'm listening to "Thinking Fast and Slow" right now. In it, the author talks about Gates school study, and others, as well as bias.
The author claims that small sample sets always produce the most extreme results, and while statisticians know this, measurements continue to happen using smaller data sets.
The author also claims that you could find data to support smaller schools being worse than larger ones due to the same issue.
Great book. It leaves me questioning the 'why' behind everything I think I know.
Careful with drawing too many conclusions from that book. Your take away is pretty ironic, considering that was Kahneman's problem: "I placed too much faith in underpowered studies" [1]