Yes. Every request we make to you includes the 'From' number, which you can check for in your code, and return a <Dial> with the number you want to forward them to specified. http://www.twilio.com/docs/api/2010-04-01/twiml/dial
Sounds interesting. Are any outbound minutes used after the call is forwarded? I am willing to budget for the inbound connection and tracking, but paying for the entire outbound conversation would be a bit too variable.
Twilio is not currently able to hand off a call to another carrier, so you have to pay for the outbound minutes when you call out with <Dial> or the REST API to connect another party