Yes, they do handle decoherence better. Here is a video explaining the theory behind the particles that are used to perform topological quantum computation [0]. I emphasize that unlike superconducting, quantum dots, ion traps, photonic e.t.c; topological quantum computers have not been physically realized because non-abelian anyons have not been detected.
...they have, if you believe this (fairly convincing!) set of evidence showing perfect Andreev Reflection (robust to changes in gate potential), which should only be possible (in a way robust to changes in gate potential) in the presence of Majorana states (i.e. a type of non-abelian anyon):
https://quantumfrontiers.com/2017/11/21/majorana-update/
Yes, they are the theoretically the most elegant way to deal with decoherence. They rely on an exotic state of matter, non-abelian anyons(many still working on verifying their existence), and winding discrete non-abelian anyons into a topological braid, which disperses the quantum state spatially, making it much more resilient against decoherence(obvious simplifications made). This is the specific type of quantum computation that Microsoft is pursuing ala Michael Freedman and co.
What's interesting about topological quantum computing is that these Majorana pairs are resistant to disturbances for the same reason that Cooper pairs are in superconductors.
