> Apple's modus operandi is to, for example, enforce Apple Music as the only native HomePod music service.
(emphasis mine). I think you mean "natively support". You can send anything you like via their proprietary airplay service (like chromecast). "Enforce" is appropriate for, say, their requirement that iOS apps come only via their app store.
Historically Apple, like others, play nice with standards when they are the underdog (the NeXT, and thus MacOS X.<small-integer>) was all about open standards like JPG, though they also paid the danegeld for things like the RTF and GIF licenses. The iPod not only supported mp3 but they openly encouraged ripping CDs. Hell, Steve Jobs paid us actual money to make gcc & objective-C++ gret on the NeXT (though he had a really good team already in place as well). Then as they gained more power they cared about openness less.
Google was similar; they have a better committment to open source than Apple does but also try to use their market muscle to do things like their own mobile page format.
In case I sound like an apologist, I also prefer open interoperability. But I am realistic about looking at the landscape.
> Apple's modus operandi is to, for example, enforce Apple Music as the only native HomePod music service.
(emphasis mine). I think you mean "natively support". You can send anything you like via their proprietary airplay service (like chromecast). "Enforce" is appropriate for, say, their requirement that iOS apps come only via their app store.
Historically Apple, like others, play nice with standards when they are the underdog (the NeXT, and thus MacOS X.<small-integer>) was all about open standards like JPG, though they also paid the danegeld for things like the RTF and GIF licenses. The iPod not only supported mp3 but they openly encouraged ripping CDs. Hell, Steve Jobs paid us actual money to make gcc & objective-C++ gret on the NeXT (though he had a really good team already in place as well). Then as they gained more power they cared about openness less.
Google was similar; they have a better committment to open source than Apple does but also try to use their market muscle to do things like their own mobile page format.
In case I sound like an apologist, I also prefer open interoperability. But I am realistic about looking at the landscape.