Study: Neural Basis of Cognitive Control over Movement Inhibition: Human fMRI and Primate Electrophysiology Evidence
Citation: Xu, Kitty Z.; Anderson, Brian A.; Emeric, Erik E.; Sali, Anthony W.; Stuphorn, Veit; Yantis, Steven; Courtney, Susan M. Elsevier Science Neuron. December 2017.
Summary: Executive control involves the ability to flexibly inhibit or change an action when it is contextually inappropriate. Using the complimentary techniques of human fMRI and monkey electrophysiology in a context-dependent stop signal task, we found a functional double dissociation between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) and the bi-lateral frontal eye field (FEF). Different regions of rVLPFC were associated with context-based signal meaning versus intention to inhibit a response, while FEF activity corresponded to success or failure of the response inhibition regardless of the stimulus response mapping or the context. These results were validated by electrophysiological recordings in rVLPFC and FEF from one monkey. Inhibition of a planned behavior is therefore likely not governed by a single brain system as had been previously proposed, but instead depends on two distinct neural processes involving different sub-regions of the rVLPFC and their interactions with other motor-related brain regions.
Highlights:
• A context-dependent stop-signal task with human fMRI and primate neurophysiology
• Task design, data types, and analysis methods enable dissociation of system components
• Multiple distinct parts of rVLPFC and interactions with other brain areas required
• Context-based attention, interpretation, monitoring, but not direct response control
BTW, I haven't tried this in Edge but in Firefox, Chrome, and Safari you can create a bookmarklet by creating a bookmark, and then editing its location and pasting in your code WITHOUT having to first convert it to one line or do the %XX encoding. All you have to do is add the javascript: prefix.
The browser will deal with encoding it and making it into one line.
I presume (perhaps wrongly) that the parent finds it worrisome that Pinterest is hiring neuroscience researchers with a background of knowing how to change peoples' minds.
On the other hand Kitty Xu is almost certainly a very smart person and Pinterest just likes hiring really smart people.
I presume that the parent finds it worrisome that Johns Hopkins University (prestigious, academic, intelligent, good) can't compete, on employing neuroscience researchers (intelligent, valuable, academic, good), with Pinterest (dumb, corporate, useless, bad).
It's not pinterest and Kitty Xu, the trend for advance in neuroscience and understanding of brain mechanisms is to be applied in marketing and advertising to influence and manipulate people's minds.
Basically exploiting knowledge on how our brain works against us to profit a few among the richest instead of trying to improve everything for everyone.
This kind of behaviour is considered a marker of a declining civilization on the verge of collapsing, so yeah it's worth worrying about.
You haven't succeeded in making it any less depressing. I didn't take it to mean that the author was at some depressing place. Rather than it's sad in general that people trained to do that kind of research aren't able to keep doing it and advancing science.
Well I have to say, having been on Pinterest just about a week ago that it’s a refreshingly mellow place a world apart from the burning rubbish fire of most social media
One of my parenting strategies for stopping undesired behavior was to "reboot their brain". Versus scolding, punishment, etc. That usually means something physical. When timeouts stopped working on my minions, I escalated to pushups, then sit ups, then jumping jacks, peeking at wind sprints (running back and forth).
It's very hard for a child to continue being naughty when they're pumping iron.
Citation: Xu, Kitty Z.; Anderson, Brian A.; Emeric, Erik E.; Sali, Anthony W.; Stuphorn, Veit; Yantis, Steven; Courtney, Susan M. Elsevier Science Neuron. December 2017.
Link: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.010
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.010
Summary: Executive control involves the ability to flexibly inhibit or change an action when it is contextually inappropriate. Using the complimentary techniques of human fMRI and monkey electrophysiology in a context-dependent stop signal task, we found a functional double dissociation between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) and the bi-lateral frontal eye field (FEF). Different regions of rVLPFC were associated with context-based signal meaning versus intention to inhibit a response, while FEF activity corresponded to success or failure of the response inhibition regardless of the stimulus response mapping or the context. These results were validated by electrophysiological recordings in rVLPFC and FEF from one monkey. Inhibition of a planned behavior is therefore likely not governed by a single brain system as had been previously proposed, but instead depends on two distinct neural processes involving different sub-regions of the rVLPFC and their interactions with other motor-related brain regions.
Highlights:
• A context-dependent stop-signal task with human fMRI and primate neurophysiology
• Task design, data types, and analysis methods enable dissociation of system components
• Multiple distinct parts of rVLPFC and interactions with other brain areas required
• Context-based attention, interpretation, monitoring, but not direct response control