I am not aware of a country in Europe where the online banking interface is not able to transfer money, both domestically and internationally vi e.g. SEPA and other methods - it’s called “online banking”...
Phishing and other things were a large attack vector until 2FA mostly did away with it.
The capabilities of European online banking are irrelevant to the security needs of American online banking. Yes, you need 2FA, because your online banking is actually for making transactions.
In the US, it isn't. On the off chance that the capability is there, it's seldom used. You make transactions by telling the other party your account number.
Phishing and other things were a large attack vector until 2FA mostly did away with it.