Interesting how these objections are mostly about how domes don’t fit well into existing industrial supply chains and building codes which were designed around more conventional box shapes. That is, many of the problems are not with domes per se but rather with their inability to integrate well with a culture that wasn’t expecting them.
I’ve found the same to be true of many aspects of human culture and engineering: we stick to conventions often not because they are inherently better reasoning from first principles, but just because they are conventions. This makes the whole society more efficient, but also has a way of shutting down novel ideas and experimentation.
Preference for rectangles, boxes, and square grids is (in particular) one of the most deeply entrenched of our cultural conventions, very difficult to displace. We use them for basic measurement, architecture, construction, city planning, cartography, textiles, industrial design, packaging, visual art, basic instruction in math and physics, books, circuit board and microchip layout, seating arrangements, camera sensors, computer displays, and on and on...
Most of those problems are associated with small domes. As domes get larger, the edges get closer to straight and many of those problems go away.
Large domes are usually built with only the top third of a sphere or less. This generates huge outward stresses at the base, so there's a steel ring in tension to support them. This works fine. Often the outer walls are raised, so the dome doesn't go all the way down to the ground. This allows roofing a big area with a sturdy structure.
Syufy Theaters built many domed theaters around Silicon Valley. The original ones were radial, not geodesic - radial beams tied together by ring beams. The Houston Astrodome is a similar design. Although vacant and unmaintained, the Astrodome is holding up well. Later Syufy went with octagonal buildings, such as the Century Cinemas next to Google HQ. This kept their round branding, but allowed better subdividing into multiplexes.
