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You can start by reading about Genera and Interlisp-D

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genera_(operating_system)

https://www.ics.uci.edu/~andre/ics228s2006/teitelmanmasinter...

http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/LISP

Just check the hardware capabilities of systems having Lisp 1.5 support, several years before C was created.

Lisp is not only manipulating lists, it grew up to natively support all relevant data structures, including primitives to handle systems programming tasks.

Regarding GC and systems programming, there are plenty of GC enabled systems programming languages, the main point is that they offer features to control the GC and also do stack and GC free allocation if required.

Some examples would be Mesa/Cedar, Modula-2+, Modula-3, Oberon, Oberon-2, Oberon-07, Active Oberon, Component Pascal, Sing#, System C#, D



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