I'm sorry to say but... This check won't help with accidental incorrect casts. Typeof in typescript is a pass through for the JavaScript function, so it only returns what the JS version does.
A check for a string or number will work, but a check against a typescript object or something complex like a union type will just return 'Object'
Or you could define your types using something like JSON Schema and validate against that.
https://github.com/bcherny/json-schema-to-typescript
https://github.com/YousefED/typescript-json-schema