The interplanetary file system [1] comes to mind. Not direct comparable to TFS, but its feature set could inspire a local file system, too:

- historic versioning (like in git)

- deduplication

- authenticity through cryptographic hashing like in block chain

- distributed delivery like bit torrent

I don't think, that we need another ZFS or btrfs competitor. Just my 2 cent.

[1] https://ipfs.io/