One interesting feature of Fortran that might help with the second question is how restricted the use of pointers is. A Fortran compiler has very strong guarantees that any two arrays do not overlap, hence some optimizations can be easier to prove safe.
> One interesting feature of Fortran that might help with the second question is how restricted the use of pointers is.
There is no restrictions in the use of pointers in Fortran, the compiler knows pointers can overlap. The restriction is when arrays are passed as arrays (passed by reference internally), not pointers.
