The US has remarkably weak privacy laws, does it not? As in there aren't really any laws on data retention, pseudonymization etc. let me know if I've got the wrong impression.

Has Google made this information public? Or are they just indexing it?

They have turned it from "can only be found by a dedicated person" to "anyone can find it".

Societies usually ban that difference.

"Societies usually"?

I know a few European cultures, most notably the Germans, make a big deal about this difference, but I'm not aware of other cultures where distinguishing between public-but-obscure and public-and-indexed is a thing.

In my opinion it's a terrible distinction to make, as it gives users false comfort about what's actually unavailable to the public.

Even the US seperates stalking from taking a picture of random people in the background of a landscape picture.

The difference between "public and indexed" and "public but obscure" is huge.

It’s also the same difference as "taking a photo of outside" vs. "permanent video surveillance of everywhere".