The Linux manual page is a little misleading, and I didn't dig further into POSIX. Mea culpa.
O_NOFOLLOW
If pathname is a symbolic link, then the open fails. This is a FreeBSD extension, which was added to Linux in version
2.1.126. Symbolic links in earlier components of the pathname will still be followed. See also O_PATH below.
...
The O_CLOEXEC, O_DIRECTORY, and O_NOFOLLOW flags are not specified in POSIX.1-2001, but are specified in POSIX.1-2008.