I don't consider the example you gave to be a coincidence, because if you know the definition of e then you know why one of those numbers could line up really, really well with e.
I'm basically saying that Feynman's argument rules out seemingly random counterexamples like 27^5 + 84^5 + 110^5 + 133^5 = 144^5, which disproved the sum of powers conjecture.
It seems to Feynman's argument works via the opposite of ruling out coincidences of that sort. It shows "If nothing surprising happens, then we expect very nearly zero counterexamples to Fermat's Last Theorem"... But the "surprising" in "If nothing surprising happens" encompasses both surprising structure (things which are true for some deep, clean reason) AND surprising numeric coincidences (things which are true for no good reason, but just happen, surprisingly, to line up in a nice, unexpected way).
I'm basically saying that Feynman's argument rules out seemingly random counterexamples like 27^5 + 84^5 + 110^5 + 133^5 = 144^5, which disproved the sum of powers conjecture.