Interesting. Final Salary schemes generally only became crippling as funding regulations were progressively lightened and removed during the Thatcher years. In allowing less investment, loaning back from the fund, funding holidays etc, many pension funds were hugely underfunded for a decade or two. Tied in nicely with wanting to promote personal pensions. Little surprise we then got the pension crises and failures, most notably Maxwell. More recently we had the pension miselling scandals and compensation claims stemming from this.
> Crippling strikes in '70s
Hah! Doing my A level homework by candle light. The unions absolutely had too much power in the 70s. Now they probably have too little, well nearer none. I remember the 3 day week and power cuts because the electric co was on strike. Every week someone else would be going on strike. I seem to remember even grave diggers went on strike in 78/79. A pony could probably have got elected wearing a Tory badge in 79 :)
With hindsight, the Thatcher "solution" was far too dogmatic, but much of the change was needed and backing away from the excessive taxation (80% top rate in 79). What's less well remembered is when Howe cut top rate in 79 from 80 to 60% he more than made up for it by doubling VAT and collection rates were far improved at 60% too, and again when they dropped to 50%. So tax take went up. Unemployment went from 1m to 3.5m (infamously they got elected in 79 with help from an election poster "Labour isn't working" [1]), and gave her the escalating welfare bill on which to squander oil revenues. Scotland and the industrial centres were hit especially hard under Thatcher which is why the Tories are unelectable there, even today.
>Final Salary schemes generally only became crippling as funding regulations were progressively lightened and removed during the Thatcher years.
This isn't even slightly true - you can look at a company such as BA which is now a pension deficit with an airline attached - the liabilities drastically outsize the company turnover. That means Interest Rate changes and Mortality expectation changes cause changes in funding requirements which are completely un-sustainable.
The changes to pension funds under Thatcher (and let's not forget Gordon Brown, too, wanted a piece of that money and was willing to screw people over to get it) definitely had a negative impact - but final/average salary defined benefits pensions are by design unsustainable because they never considered the current economic environment as a possibility.
Back when interest rates were 10%+ and most people died before taking 10 years of pension, they seemed like a good idea.
Hmm you're probably right - I didn't consider sustained low interest rates. The decline started long before rates came down but I've no idea how 30+ years of differently funded schemes would look (ie without the funding changes). That's a lot of compound interest.
> let's not forget Gordon Brown
Oh he gets no free pass on pensions - he raided them for billions.
My personal pension has performed disastrously from 2 bad years it'll probably never recover properly from. There went my early retirement thoughts. My parent's generation retirement options look pretty good.
We're probably still understating the deficits by assuming interest rates will increase soon™ - and yet the deficits are somewhere in the region of 1.5 times GDP in the UK[1]. It's terrifying
I empathise with you on the personal pension - but that's the reality of risk/reward investments. I'd have thought a lot of the bad performance should have recovered based on current markets? Depending on your age the solution is usually to:
-Contribute more
-Risk on (aiming for higher rewards)
-Work longer.
I think it's really really important to recognise that early retirement probably means finishing work ~65 years old if you want a comparable "lifetime in retirement" to earlier generations who retired at 55. One simply cannot expect to spend 25 years in full retirement after only working 25 years. I think as a society we've got to make some huge adjustments in expectations, because we're stuck in a mindset from 70 years ago that isn't really viable. Personally I expect to aim to retire "early" into a different role that is less stressful and in the countryside - but I don't intend to stop working until much later.
[1] I haven't seen updated numbers in a few years, maybe it's better now..
Interesting. Final Salary schemes generally only became crippling as funding regulations were progressively lightened and removed during the Thatcher years. In allowing less investment, loaning back from the fund, funding holidays etc, many pension funds were hugely underfunded for a decade or two. Tied in nicely with wanting to promote personal pensions. Little surprise we then got the pension crises and failures, most notably Maxwell. More recently we had the pension miselling scandals and compensation claims stemming from this.
> Crippling strikes in '70s
Hah! Doing my A level homework by candle light. The unions absolutely had too much power in the 70s. Now they probably have too little, well nearer none. I remember the 3 day week and power cuts because the electric co was on strike. Every week someone else would be going on strike. I seem to remember even grave diggers went on strike in 78/79. A pony could probably have got elected wearing a Tory badge in 79 :)
With hindsight, the Thatcher "solution" was far too dogmatic, but much of the change was needed and backing away from the excessive taxation (80% top rate in 79). What's less well remembered is when Howe cut top rate in 79 from 80 to 60% he more than made up for it by doubling VAT and collection rates were far improved at 60% too, and again when they dropped to 50%. So tax take went up. Unemployment went from 1m to 3.5m (infamously they got elected in 79 with help from an election poster "Labour isn't working" [1]), and gave her the escalating welfare bill on which to squander oil revenues. Scotland and the industrial centres were hit especially hard under Thatcher which is why the Tories are unelectable there, even today.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Isn't_Working