Haskell has killThread, which rather than being an anti-pattern is often used as an effective way to accurately enforce a timeout on a thread. This functionality seems like it would be very difficult to achieve with most other runtimes.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11370004
I think Erlang might be okay with it, because "this thread can fail at any time" is a core value of Erlang. But it's an exception.