Conal Elliott's work on Tangible FP was an interesting attempt to unify functional and "visual" programming that has been mostly abandoned: http://conal.net/papers/Eros/
Hopefully some of its ideas may yet survive in other projects.
The Berkeley Orders of Magnitude project is somewhere at the intersection of database and PL research, aimed at handling orders of magnitude more data with orders of magnitude less code: http://boom.cs.berkeley.edu/
The Dedalus language in particular is interesting, as it integrates distributed- and logic-programming: http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2009/EECS-2009-17...
I've been meaning to write a blog post about the convergence of various ideas of what the future of programming might look like for a while now, so I have a bunch of notes on this topic. The OP & other folks have already mentioned most of the other projects in my notes - in particular Unison, Subtext, Eve, & Bret Victor's work.
My current line of work is on tackling a tiny little corner of what I see as the future's problems - trying to find a better way to combine database/relational programming and functional programming. My work is here (but the docs are almost entirely in type-theory-jargon at the moment, sorry! feel free to shoot me an email if you have questions): https://github.com/rntz/datafun
Hm, which bits of syntax are you confused by in particular?
At the beginning, when defining what types, expressions, contexts, etc. looks like. I use a bunch of BNF (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backus%E2%80%93Naur_Form). I'm afraid I don't actually know a good introduction to BNF.
A lot of the rest of my notation (types like A × B, A → B, expressions like λx.e, the judgment Δ;Γ ⊢ e : A meaning "e has type A in context Δ;Γ", and the inference rules themselves) is borrowed from fairly standard type-theory-of-functional-languages stuff. Standard books to read here are Types and Programming Languages by Benjamin Pierce (https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/tapl/); or Practical Foundations for Programming Languages by Bob Harper (https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rwh/plbook/book.pdf). Those are pretty heavy books that cover a lot of ground, including stuff that's mostly irrelevant to my work. If you're interested, though, they're a great place to start learning about formal PL theory!
Was there anything else in particular you wanted to know about?
Conal Elliott's work on Tangible FP was an interesting attempt to unify functional and "visual" programming that has been mostly abandoned: http://conal.net/papers/Eros/ Hopefully some of its ideas may yet survive in other projects.
The Berkeley Orders of Magnitude project is somewhere at the intersection of database and PL research, aimed at handling orders of magnitude more data with orders of magnitude less code: http://boom.cs.berkeley.edu/ The Dedalus language in particular is interesting, as it integrates distributed- and logic-programming: http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2009/EECS-2009-17...
Joe Armstrong's thoughts on a module- or namespace-less programming environment are interesting: http://erlang.org/pipermail/erlang-questions/2011-May/058768...
I've been meaning to write a blog post about the convergence of various ideas of what the future of programming might look like for a while now, so I have a bunch of notes on this topic. The OP & other folks have already mentioned most of the other projects in my notes - in particular Unison, Subtext, Eve, & Bret Victor's work.
My current line of work is on tackling a tiny little corner of what I see as the future's problems - trying to find a better way to combine database/relational programming and functional programming. My work is here (but the docs are almost entirely in type-theory-jargon at the moment, sorry! feel free to shoot me an email if you have questions): https://github.com/rntz/datafun