More critically? I missed your clear deduction from the evidence on how it is "dumb", as you say.
The Kalash are the people who Alexander (sikandar) left behind. So, you realize that is Hellenistic times, and not pre-Greek times (whatever that is) as mentioned in the article, right?
Also, your last sentence is confusing as well. Someone does not need to actively disprove all other possibilities to prove what actually was recorded in history.
Who do you believe the Kalash are- Sean Connery's subjects as per 'The Man Who Would be King'? lol
> The Kalash are the people who Alexander (sikandar) left behind. So, you realize that is Hellenistic times, and not pre-Greek times
Folktales and histories can be created well beyond ethnogenesis.
Neighboring Yusufzai claim descent from King Saul and the Israelites in the Ain-e-Akbari (16th century), though genetic sequencing shows little-to-no divergence from other northwest South Asian ethnic groups like Sindhis, Baloch, Brahui, Punjabis, etc [0]
In fact, the same study sequenced Kalash and found that ethnic Kalash appeared to be an isolate community [0], as was further shown in 2015 [1].
A lot of us ethnic groups all across South Asia began creating fantastical tales of ethnogenesis as our valleys and towns began opening up to outside influence in the 19th century.
Hell, even my mom's community (a neighboring one around 4-5 valleys away from Khowars and Kalash) claims ethnogenesis from Israelites or Scynthians on occasion and one sub-community claimed to have fought with Ali at Karbala, though when sequenced we're similar to our peer ethnic groups.
I don't need some damn Firangi telling me or my community about us. We chased you all out in 2021, 1989, and 1947.
> Also, your last sentence is confusing as well. Someone does not need to actively disprove all other possibilities to prove what actually was recorded in history. Who do you believe the Kalash are- Sean Connery's subjects as per 'The Man Who Would be King'? lol
This is confusing as hell as well.
But basically, what I'm getting is that there is a need for Inner Asian communities to be genetically sequenced as well. It has medical (eg. Precision medicine) as well as anthropological value.
It is odd that people choose to ignore actual archeology- especially when it directly corroborates historical text. Which is quite different than folktales- perhaps your reference to 'Israelites' for which there is no real archeological evidence, is there?
Are you confusing correlation with causation? The Kalash are not an isolated group, so much as they have resisted to their best of their ability to mix with their Muslim neighbors (Pakistanis) because they are not of them and consider Phillip II to be their patriarch.
The incredible lengths people go to to try and obfuscate the obvious lol... 'Isolated central asian group without much contact or intermixing with subcontinent folks claims ethongenesis with Greeks over 4 thousand miles away'.
Greeks didn’t leave much behind genetically in their Afghan settlements, Kalash are a relict from when PIE populations first came into Europe, as I think Y haplogroups show
Kalash are a relic of Proto-Indo Europeans is a catch all with no evidence. Such claims with no actual evidence is not worth talking about. But I guess the Greeks did leave behind influence given the new and improved muscled Buddhas that resembled Apollo
The Kalash language is a mix of the languages found in the region- Tajik, uzbek, tartar, persian, etc. But, there are Greek words for woman, washing, winter, greetings etc used among the several Kalash tribes that are Greek. While even that can be explained under the PIE theory, your statement of 'absolutely nothing to do with Greek' does not stand.
But further study- genetic and archeological- is necessary.
Paul,
a biological catalyst for biodiesel production is all well and good, but does this process still need an exogenous alcohol- namely methanol, or ethanol?
Dang, and I’m out here still trying to figure out how to level the ender3 v2 bed.
In the process of updating the firmware, the screen display became corrupted.
And crealty has not got back to me on my tech ticket
I was under the impression that iron causes more damage- hence, why the Iron Age followed the Bronze Age, because the people with the iron armor and swords would pierce through the armor of the peoples wearing the bronze armor, but not vice-versa.
Wow, you are very lucky to be continually finding books that leave such an impact on you that your _favorite_ book keeps changing. For example, for me, when I was 17, I read what I consider to be ‘The Great American Novel’. No other book has been able to replace that for me.
"the numbers suggested half of all cars travelling the route were speeding."
Most highway organizations use the 85th percentile rule to set speed limits.
"The 85th percentile speed is the speed that 85 percent of drivers travel at or below and is one of the best indicators of a reasonable and safe speed."
> The 85th percentile speed is [...] one of the best indicators of a [...] safe speed
That does seem like a gross oversimplification. 15% of the cars driving through a neighbourhood at 40Miph/65kmph or faster doesn't make that speed a safe speed for that neighbourhood.
Plenty of things are useful to society even if they are too complicated for the vast majority to follow, experts are a good thing.
What about code? Or structural codes? Or details about electricity generation and distribution?
While I can certainly agree that legislatures should strive to write laws as legibly as possible so that the general populous can understand the laws of their land, I also think we should be educated on how to read laws, where to find the information, etc, basically civics lessons. But to say that complicated laws are useless to society is beyond silly.
Read what I wrote: “too complicated _to_be_followed”.
Complicated laws should correspond to the complexity of the situation that society wants to regulate. Presumably, only those in society that engage in that area will be effected and know what the law means. Otherwise, you have a bureaucratic system which chokes its own people and it’s own growth.
Followed by whom? Every law will end up being too complicated to follow for some fraction of society. Do you think Donald Trump should wriggle out of a lawsuit because the tax or election law was too complicated for him to follow?
Law is CODE. The words are there in that order for many reasons that have been bug tested and are still being bug tested. Test the bugs! But don't claim you can't read the language.
I feel like I responded to this above, but I’ll restate it. First, I’m not really following your logic.
Not everyone is running for President, and are not potentially liable or guilty of breaking the law.
No, law as ‘CODE’ is too monolithic. Citizens cannot face prison because actual life in society may or may run afoul of the law given its vague, ambiguous, or even self defeating language
