Direct comparison isn't very useful. Teacher salaries in Germany seem to be just above the US when just reading the chart, but in reality it's higher than e.g. most software developers make in Germany. Thus, gets you a lot further than in the US. You should rather compare teacher salaries to local engineer salaries, as the education is similar (assuming Master's is required).
You are the mean of the 5 people you spend the most time with. So always try to surround yourself with people you can learn from, especially in the first years of your career.
I personally find that the best growth comes from people that challenge you and make you challenge yourself.
It's what the culture has turned into. You are expected to do a white board test. It is more of a test to filter out those who are passionate enough to study for weeks before an interview than anything else. But it's part of the game.
I agree. Copy and paste is on the left hand for QWERTY. That gets a lot more use compared to select-delete. Besides, select and delete with the mouse is seldom the most optimal (and you could just cut the text with ctrl-x)