Gauss far exceeded von neuman in mathematical impact and pushing math forward. So did many other mathematicians that were contemporaries of von neuman. The same for physics. Von Neuman would not even be in the list of top 10 mathematicians in the 20th Century, let alone of all time. The twentieth century had giants like Kolmogorov, Hilbert, Grothendieck, none of whom were smarter than von neumann, but they made far greater discoveries.
But this just shows that when you are talking about impact as opposed to intelligence, a lot of things other than IQ come into play. I am certain von neumann was much smarter than Gauss, but Gauss had an instinct for discovery that was remarkable. Newton is another example -- someone not nearly as brilliant as Von Neuman (my impression) but had an incredibly deep insight and much bigger impact. They say that Feynman's IQ was ~120, which would certainly be lower than von neuman, but he made a much bigger impact as well.
I wouldn’t go far as to say Von Neumann was smarter than Grothendieck. I think they’re both different types of geniuses, where their genius manifest in different ways. Grothendieck was a genius in working with extremely deep abstractions, I’d say he eclipses Von Neumann in this way, whereas Von Neumann had a different type of genius in which he eclipsed others at. In Grothendieck’s case he was a profound genius, who made profound impacts in mathematics.
Another mathematician that reminds me of Von Neumann is Euler. He also memorized long passages and could do complicated calculations in his head quickly.
A quote on Euler from wikipedia:
“He was able to, for example, repeat the Aeneid of Virgil from beginning to end without hesitation, and for every page in the edition he could indicate which line was the first and which was the last even decades after having read it”
>I wouldn’t go far as to say Von Neumann was smarter than Grothendieck
He famously recounted his inability to derive Heron's formula for the area of a triangle when he was a teenager (despite realizing that such a formula ought to exist via conceptual reasoning), and seems to have subsequently kept an unbalanced set of talents in the same vein.
Grothendieck was the best in class at abstract mathematical reasoning and some regard him as the best mathematician in the 20th century. The Heron Formula or “prime” example doesn’t negate that
But this just shows that when you are talking about impact as opposed to intelligence, a lot of things other than IQ come into play. I am certain von neumann was much smarter than Gauss, but Gauss had an instinct for discovery that was remarkable. Newton is another example -- someone not nearly as brilliant as Von Neuman (my impression) but had an incredibly deep insight and much bigger impact. They say that Feynman's IQ was ~120, which would certainly be lower than von neuman, but he made a much bigger impact as well.